The Village Hidden in the Leaves or Konohagakure is the hidden village of the Land of Fire. It is was one of the most powerful villages in exsistence but in the light of recent events their power has waned.
Kirigakure no Sato is the major shinobi village located in the Land of Water. For some reason an unusual amount of Missing Ninja come from this village. This village has a kage called the Mizukage.
Kumogakure no Sato is one of the five great shinobi villages in the Land of Lightning that has a kage called the Raikage. The village is located in a range of tall mountains, and is literally hidden in the clouds.
Iwagakure no Sato is the hidden village of the Land of Earth and it's kage is known as the Tsuchikage. The shinobi of this village have be known for their rock hard attitudes and seem to specialise in Earth Release.